N'ihe gbasara nchọpụta na iji flake graphite mee ihe, e nwere akwụkwọ ndekọ nke ọma, mgbe akwụkwọ Shuijing Zhu bụ nke mbụ, nke kwuru na "e nwere ugwu graphite n'akụkụ Osimiri Luoshui". Nkume niile dị oji, yabụ akwụkwọ nwere ike ịdị ntakịrị, yabụ na ama ama maka eserese ha. ” Nchọpụta ndị mgbe ochie na-egosi na ihe karịrị afọ 3,000 gara aga na usoro ndị eze Shang, China ji graphite dee ihe odide, bụ́ nke dịgidere ruo ọgwụgwụ nke Ọchịchị Eastern Han (AD 220). Ihe eserese dị ka ink akwụkwọ ejiri ink ụtaba pine dochie ya. N'oge Daoguang nke usoro ndị eze Qing (AD 1821-1850), ndị ọrụ ugbo na Chenzhou, Hunan Province na-egwupụta graphite flake dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala, nke a na-akpọ "carbon mmanụ".
Aha bekee nke Graphite sitere na okwu Grik "graphite in", nke putara "ide". Ọ bụ onye German chemist na mineralogist AGWerner kpọrọ ya na 1789.
Usoro ihe omimi nke graphite flake bụ C na ịdị arọ ya bụ 12.01. Grafite eke bụ ígwè ojii na isi awọ ígwè, nwere eriri ojii na-egbuke egbuke, ọla na-egbuke egbuke na opacity. kristal bụ nke klas nke kristal biconical hexagonal siri ike, nke bụ kristal efere hexagonal. Ụdị simplex ndị a na-ahụkarị na-agụnye akụkụ akụkụ abụọ, hexagonal biconical na ogidi hexagonal, mana ụdị kristal na-adịghị adị ụkọ, ọ na-adịkarịkwa ncha ma ọ bụ efere. Parameters: a0 = 0.246nm, c0 = 0.670nm A na-ahụkarị ihe owuwu, nke a na-ahazi carbon carbon n'ígwé, na carbon nke ọ bụla na-ejikọta ya na carbon dị n'akụkụ, a na-edozikwa carbon dị na oyi akwa ọ bụla na mgbanaka hexagonal. A na-akwagharịkwa mgbanaka mgbanaka hexagonal nke carbon dị n'elu na nke ala dị nso n'akụkụ ya na ntụzịaka ya na ụgbọ elu ntupu wee chịkọta ya ka ọ bụrụ usoro nwere akwa. Ụzọ dị iche iche na ebe dị anya nke nchụpụ na-eduga n'ụdị polymorphic dị iche iche. Ebe dị n'etiti carbon carbon na elu na nke ala dị elu karịa nke dị n'etiti carbon carbon na otu oyi akwa (CC spacing in layers = 0.142nm, CC spacing n'etiti layers = 0.340nm). 2.09-2.23 ike ndọda na 5-10m2/g kpọmkwem ebe elu. Isi ike bụ anisotropic, ụgbọ elu mgbawa kwụ ọtọ bụ 3-5, ụgbọ elu mgbawa na-ejikọta ya bụ 1-2. Mkpokọta na-abụkarị akpụkpọ anụ, lumpy na earthy. Graphite flake nwere ezigbo ọkụ eletrik na thermal conductivity. Flakes nke ịnweta na-abụkarị opaque n'okpuru ọkụ a na-ebunye, flakes dị oke mkpa bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ-acha ntụ ntụ, uniaxial, yana ntuzigharị nke 1.93 ~ 2.07. N'okpuru ìhè na-egbuke egbuke, ha bụ ìhè agba aja aja-agba ntụ, na-egosipụta multicolor doro anya, Ro isi awọ na agba aja aja, Re ọchịchịrị-acha anụnụ anụnụ isi awọ, reflectivity Ro23 (red), Re5.5 (red), doro anya echiche agba na abụọ echiche, ike heterogeneity na polarization. . Njirimara njirimara: ojii ojii, ike siri ike dị ala, otu mgbawa zuru oke zuru oke, mgbanwe, mmetụta na-amị amị, dị mfe imebi aka. Ọ bụrụ na a na-edobe ihe zinc sulfate na-edozi na graphite, ntụpọ ọla kọpa dara nwere ike ịmalite, ebe molybdenite yiri ya enweghị mmeghachi omume dị otú ahụ.
Graphite bụ allotrope nke elemental carbon (allotropes ndị ọzọ gụnyere diamond, carbon 60, carbon nanotubes na graphene), na mpụta nke carbon carbon atom jikọtara ya na carbon carbon atọ ndị ọzọ (ọtụtụ hexagons ahaziri n'ụdị mmanụ aṅụ) iji mepụta covalent. ụmụ irighiri ihe. Ebe ọ bụ na carbon carbon ọ bụla na-ebupụta elektrọn, ndị electrons nwere ike ịgagharị n'enweghị nsogbu, ya mere flake graphite bụ onye na-eduzi eletrik. Ọdụdọ molekụla na-achịkwa ụgbọ elu Cleavage, bụ nke na-enwechaghị mmasị na ụmụ irighiri ihe, ya mere ọ na-esegharị n'okike ya dị ezigbo mma. N'ihi ụdị njikọta pụrụ iche nke graphite flake, anyị enweghị ike iche na graphite flake bụ otu kristal ma ọ bụ polycrystal. Ugbu a, a na-ewerekarị na flake graphite bụ ụdị kristal agwakọta.
Oge nzipu: Nov-04-2022